Section 5 · Value

Intrinsic and time value

Every premium splits into two parts: what exercising now would be worth, and what is paid for the time left.

Sample Indexspot 4,865.00previous close 4,851.00expiry in 14 dayslot 45 unitsall figures invented

CallsPuts
LTPStrikeLTP
call in the money173.054,7008.05
call in the money130.104,75015.10
call in the money91.704,80026.70
call in the money59.554,85044.55
34.804,90069.80put in the money
17.854,950102.85put in the money
7.755,000142.75put in the money
2.755,050187.75put in the money

Excerpt: last traded prices; the split is below.

On a narrow screen this table scrolls sideways; the strike column is in the middle.

Premium = intrinsic + time value

Intrinsic value is what the option would be worth if exercised now: spot − strike for a call, strike − spot for a put, never below zero. Time value is the rest of the premium. For the 4,850 call: intrinsic 4,865.00 − 4,850 = 15.00, time value 59.55 − 15.00 = 44.55.

StrikeCall LTPCall intrinsicCall time valuePut LTPPut intrinsicPut time value
4,700173.05165.008.058.050.008.05
4,750130.10115.0015.1015.100.0015.10
4,80091.7065.0026.7026.700.0026.70
4,85059.5515.0044.5544.550.0044.55
4,90034.800.0034.8069.8035.0034.80
4,95017.850.0017.85102.8585.0017.85
5,0007.750.007.75142.75135.007.75
5,0502.750.002.75187.75185.002.75

Specimen premiums split into intrinsic and time value (spot 4,865.00).

Time value is largest near spot (44.55 at 4,850 in the specimen) and smaller further away. With zero interest, the call and the put at one strike carry the same time value, which the table shows.

At expiry

At expiry time value is gone and an option is worth its intrinsic value only. A buyer of the 4,850 call at 59.55 needs the index above 4,909.55 at expiry to get the premium back; below the strike the whole premium is lost.

break-even 4,909.55max loss 59.55strike 4,850
Buyer of the specimen 4,850 call, per unit, at expiry.